feat(ssr): spider-only SSR — serve CSR shell for regular users

Add spider detection gate to SSR server so that search engine crawlers get full server-side rendering with fresh API data, while regular users receive the static CSR app shell from disk. - backend/app/spider_detection.py: Python spider detection module - spider_detection.ts: TypeScript mirror of spider detection patterns - server.ts: SSR gate — isSpider() check before dispatching to Angular SSR engine; non-spiders get static index.html - server.spec.ts: Added spider detection unit tests - tsconfig.app.json: Include spider_detection.ts in compilation - backend/app/models.py: Fix SQLAlchemy FK resolution (user_models import)
2026-08-08 17:48:37 +00:00
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+"""Unit tests for spider/bot User-Agent detection."""
+
+import pytest
+from app.spider_detection import (
+    get_spider_info,
+    get_user_agent,
+    is_search_spider,
+    is_spider,
+)
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Known spider User-Agents (should return True)
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+SPIDER_UA = [
+    # Google family
+    ("Googlebot (desktop)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)"),
+    ("Googlebot Mobile", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 5.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; Googlebot-Mobile/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)"),
+    ("Googlebot Image", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot-Image/1.0; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)"),
+    ("Googlebot News", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot-News; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)"),
+    ("Google Ads", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Mediapartners-Google/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)"),
+    ("Storebot Google", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 8.0; Pixel 2 Build/OPD3.170816.012) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.100 Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; Storebot-Google/1.0)"),
+    ("Google AdSense", "Google-AdSense-TopContent"),
+
+    # Bing family
+    ("Bingbot", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)"),
+    ("MSNBot", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; msnbot/2.0b; +http://search.msn.com/msnbot.htm)"),
+    ("MSNBot Media", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; msnbot-media/1.1; +http://search.msn.com/msnbot.htm)"),
+    ("Bing Ads Bot", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingadsbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)"),
+
+    # Yahoo
+    ("Yahoo Slurp", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Yahoo! Slurp; http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/ysearch/slurp)"),
+    ("Yahoo Deer Spider", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Yahoo! Deer Spider; http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/ysearch/crawlers)"),
+
+    # DuckDuckGo
+    ("DuckDuckBot", "DuckDuckBot/1.0; (+http://duckduckgo.com/duckduckbot.html)"),
+
+    # Yandex
+    ("YandexBot", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)"),
+    ("Yandex Images", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexImages/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)"),
+    ("Yandex Mobile Bot", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexMobileBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)"),
+    ("Yandex Metrika", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexMetrika/7.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)"),
+    ("Yandex Direct", "Mozilla/5.0 compatible; YandexDirect/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)"),
+
+    # Baidu
+    ("Baiduspider", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduspider/2.0; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)"),
+    ("Baiduboxapp", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduboxapp; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)"),
+
+    # Sogou
+    ("Sogou Spider", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Sogou web spider/4.0; +http://www.sogou.com/docs/help/webmasters.htm)"),
+    ("Sogou Spider (alt)", "Sogou Spider/4.0"),
+
+    # Apple
+    ("Applebot", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1) AppleWebKit/600.2.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0.2 Safari/600.2.5 (Applebot/0.1)"),
+    ("Applebot-Extended", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Applebot-Extended/0.2; +https://www.apple.com/go/applebot-extended)"),
+
+    # PetleO (PetalBot)
+    ("PetalBot", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 7.0;) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.83 Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; PetalBot;+https://webmaster.petalsearch.com/)"),
+
+    # Internet Archive
+    ("IA Archiver", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; archive.org_bot +http://archive.org/details/archive.org_bot)"),
+    ("ia_archiver", "ia_archiver-web.common-crawl"),
+
+    # Social bots
+    ("Facebook External Hit", "facebookexternalhit/1.1 (+http://www.facebook.com/externalhit_uatext.php)"),
+    ("Facebook Platform", "facebookplatform"),
+    ("Twitterbot", "Twitterbot/1.0"),
+    ("LinkedInBot", "LinkedInBot/1.0 (compatible; Mozilla/5.0; Apache-HttpClient +https://www.linkedin.com)"),
+    ("WhatsApp", "WhatsApp/2.21.1"),
+
+    # Generic bot/crawler signatures (case variants)
+    ("Generic bot (semicolon)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; AhrefsBot/7.0; +http://ahrefs.com/robot/)"),
+    ("Generic spider", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Spider/1.0)"),
+    ("Generic crawler", "MyCrawler/1.0"),
+]
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Known browser User-Agents (should return False)
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+BROWSER_UA = [
+    ("Chrome (Windows)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"),
+    ("Chrome (Linux)", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"),
+    ("Chrome (macOS)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"),
+    ("Chrome (Android)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 13; Pixel 7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36"),
+    ("Chrome (iPhone)", "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 17_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) CriOS/120.0.6099.119 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1"),
+
+    ("Firefox (Windows)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:121.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/121.0"),
+    ("Firefox (Linux)", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:121.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/121.0"),
+    ("Firefox (Android)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Android 13; Mobile; rv:121.0) Gecko/121.0 Firefox/121.0"),
+
+    ("Safari (macOS)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 14_2) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.2 Safari/605.1.15"),
+    ("Safari (iPhone)", "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 17_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.2 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1"),
+    ("Safari (iPad)", "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 17_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.2 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1"),
+
+    ("Edge (Windows)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/120.0.2210.91"),
+
+    ("Opera", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 OPR/105.0.0.0"),
+
+    ("Samsung Internet", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 13; SM-S901B) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) SamsungBrowser/24.0 Chrome/120.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36"),
+]
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Tests
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestIsSpider:
+    """is_spider() should return True for known spider UAs and False for browsers."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name,ua", SPIDER_UA)
+    def test_known_spiders_detected(self, name: str, ua: str):
+        assert is_spider(ua) is True, f"{name} should be detected as a spider"
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name,ua", BROWSER_UA)
+    def test_browsers_not_detected(self, name: str, ua: str):
+        assert is_spider(ua) is False, f"{name} should NOT be detected as a spider"
+
+    def test_empty_string(self):
+        assert is_spider("") is False
+
+    def test_none_like_missing_header(self):
+        assert is_spider(" ") is False
+
+
+class TestGetSpiderInfo:
+    """get_spider_info() should return SpiderInfo for spiders, None for browsers."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name,ua", SPIDER_UA)
+    def test_spider_returns_info(self, name: str, ua: str):
+        info = get_spider_info(ua)
+        assert info is not None, f"{name}: expected SpiderInfo, got None"
+        assert info.name, f"{name}: SpiderInfo.name should not be empty"
+        assert info.engine, f"{name}: SpiderInfo.engine should not be empty"
+        assert info.category in ("search", "social", "other"), (
+            f"{name}: unknown category {info.category!r}"
+        )
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name,ua", BROWSER_UA)
+    def test_browser_returns_none(self, name: str, ua: str):
+        assert get_spider_info(ua) is None, f"{name} should return None"
+
+    def test_empty_string(self):
+        assert get_spider_info("") is None
+
+
+class TestIsSearchSpider:
+    """is_search_spider() should distinguish search crawlers from social bots."""
+
+    SEARCH_SPIDER_UA = [
+        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)",
+        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)",
+        "DuckDuckBot/1.0; (+http://duckduckgo.com/duckduckbot.html)",
+        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)",
+        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Baiduspider/2.0; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)",
+        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Yahoo! Slurp; http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/ysearch/slurp)",
+    ]
+
+    SOCIAL_BOT_UA = [
+        "facebookexternalhit/1.1 (+http://www.facebook.com/externalhit_uatext.php)",
+        "Twitterbot/1.0",
+        "LinkedInBot/1.0 (compatible; Mozilla/5.0; Apache-HttpClient +https://www.linkedin.com)",
+        "WhatsApp/2.21.1",
+    ]
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("ua", SEARCH_SPIDER_UA)
+    def test_search_spiders_return_true(self, ua: str):
+        assert is_search_spider(ua) is True
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("ua", SOCIAL_BOT_UA)
+    def test_social_bots_return_false(self, ua: str):
+        assert is_search_spider(ua) is False
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name,ua", BROWSER_UA)
+    def test_browsers_return_false(self, name: str, ua: str):
+        assert is_search_spider(ua) is False, f"{name} should not be a search spider"
+
+
+class TestSpiderInfoDataclass:
+    """SpiderInfo properties should be correct."""
+
+    def test_is_search_spider_property(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.is_search_spider is True
+        assert info.is_social_bot is False
+
+    def test_is_social_bot_property(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("facebookexternalhit/1.1 (+http://www.facebook.com/externalhit_uatext.php)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.is_social_bot is True
+        assert info.is_search_spider is False
+
+    def test_spider_info_frozen(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0)")
+        assert info is not None
+        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # FrozenInstanceError in Python 3.11+, AttributeError before
+            info.engine = "modified"  # type: ignore
+
+
+class TestGetUserAgent:
+    """get_user_agent() should extract UA from headers dict case-insensitively."""
+
+    def test_standard_case(self):
+        headers = {"User-Agent": "test-agent"}
+        assert get_user_agent(headers) == "test-agent"
+
+    def test_lower_case_key(self):
+        headers = {"user-agent": "test-agent"}
+        assert get_user_agent(headers) == "test-agent"
+
+    def test_upper_case_key(self):
+        headers = {"USER-AGENT": "test-agent"}
+        assert get_user_agent(headers) == "test-agent"
+
+    def test_missing_header(self):
+        headers = {"Content-Type": "text/html"}
+        assert get_user_agent(headers) == ""
+
+    def test_empty_headers(self):
+        assert get_user_agent({}) == ""
+
+    def test_combined_with_is_spider(self):
+        headers = {
+            "Host": "example.com",
+            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)",
+            "Accept": "text/html",
+        }
+        ua = get_user_agent(headers)
+        assert is_spider(ua) is True
+
+
+class TestCaseInsensitivity:
+    """Spider detection patterns should be case-insensitive."""
+
+    def test_googlebot_uppercase(self):
+        assert is_spider("GOOGLEBOT/2.1") is True
+
+    def test_googlebot_mixed_case(self):
+        assert is_spider("googleBot/2.1") is True
+
+    def test_bingbot_uppercase(self):
+        assert is_spider("BINGBOT/2.0") is True
+
+    def test_baiduspider_lowercase(self):
+        assert is_spider("baiduspider/2.0") is True
+
+    def test_facebook_mixed(self):
+        assert is_spider("FaceBookExternalHit/1.1") is True
+
+
+class TestSpecificSpiderDetails:
+    """Verify engine and category are correctly assigned for specific bots."""
+
+    def test_googlebot_engine(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.engine == "Google"
+        assert info.category == "search"
+
+    def test_bingbot_engine(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.engine == "Bing"
+        assert info.category == "search"
+
+    def test_facebook_category(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("facebookexternalhit/1.1 (+http://www.facebook.com/externalhit_uatext.php)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.engine == "Facebook"
+        assert info.category == "social"
+
+    def test_twitter_category(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Twitterbot/1.0")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.engine == "Twitter"
+        assert info.category == "social"
+
+    def test_yandex_engine(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.engine == "Yandex"
+        assert info.category == "search"
+
+    def test_apple_engine(self):
+        info = get_spider_info("Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Applebot/0.1; +https://www.apple.com/go/applebot)")
+        assert info is not None
+        assert info.engine == "Apple"
+        assert info.category == "search"